NEW HEADWAY NOTES

REVISIONS JUNE 1ST, 2010

Pense-bête:

Be:

• TO BE LEXICAL (I AM AT WORK)
• TO BE AUXILIAIRE: POUR FORMER LE PRESENT CONTINU: She is arriving right now.
• THERE IS-THERE ARE: there is an apple in the basket.

Have:

• TO HAVE LEXICAL (I HAVE ENOUGH MONEY=I’VE GOT ENOUGH MONEY)
• POUR EXPRIMER L’OBLIGATION (QUAND ON NE PEUT PAS EMPLOYER MUST): do we have to learn all this vocabulary?

Do:

• TO DO LEXICAL: I DO MY HOMEWORK. ATTENTION, DO ET MAKE NE SONT PAS INTERCHANGEABLES:
• I DO MY BEST, THE DISHES, 130 KM ON THE HIGHWAY, THE COOKING
• I MAKE A CAKE (OR I BAKE IT…), MY BED, AN EFFORT, A FIRE, SOME NOISE, COFFEE, MONEY

DO AUXILIAIRE: C’EST L’ESCLAVE PERMETTANT DE CONSTRUIRE LA NEGATION, L’INTERROGATION ET L’INTERRO-NEGATION, il sert aussi à marquer le…temps (past simple)! Did you learn your lesson?

• DO D’INSISTANCE: Are you sure that you love me? I am, of course, I do love you!!!
• DO POUR FORMER L’IMPERATIF: DO THIS RIGHT AWAY!!! DON’T DO THAT!!!
• DO DE REPRISE: DO YOU LOVE ME? YES I DO, NO I DON’T

PRESENT PERFECT AVEC FOR, SINCE, HOW LONG:

Avec FOR et SINCE, le PP signale un fait ou une action continue jusqu’au moment présent:

I’ve been here since 7:00 a.m.. We’ve been married for 10 years. Cela se traduit en français par le temps présent

Since: marque un point de départ: since (heure)= since 6:30, date: since september 11, préposition qui signifie depuis: since this morning, since we’ve met.

For: marque la durée: I’m in Sarajevo for 5 days. I’ve been living (=I’ve lived) in Sarajevo for 6 years (sous-entendu, j’y suis encore).

How long pour exprimer la durée: depuis combien de temps: s’utilise avec le present perfect:

how long have you been here? I’ve been here since 10 o’clock

How long have you taught English? I’ve taught English for 20 years.

Oral exam:

5 W+1 H= WHO, WHAT, WHY, WHEN, WHERE,

+HOW (HOW LONG, HOW FAR, HOW MUCH….)

PAST SIMPLE OF IRREGULAR VERBS, POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE: ON NE RECONNAIT LA REGULARITE D’UN VERBE ANGLAIS QU’A SES PAST SIMPLE ET PAST PARTICIPLE

I ARRIVED , I WORKED, I LIVED, I TALKED	I CUT, I ATE, I HANG, I WROTE, I TAUGHT, I BOUGHT, UNDERSTOOD, I TOLD
I DIDN’T ARRIVE// I DIDN’T WORK// I DIDN’T LIVE, I DIDN’T TALK	I DIDN’T CUT , I DIDN’T EAT, I DIDN’T HANG, I DIDN’T WRITE, I DIDN’T TEACH, I DIDN’T BUY, I DIDN’T UNDERSTAND, I DIDN’T TELL.
DIDN’T YOU ARRIVE LATE TODAY?	DIDN’T YOU CUT YOUR HAIR?

FIRST CONDITIONAL: I WILL = I’LL

SERT A INDIQUER UNE CONDITION POUR LA REALISATION D’UNE ACTION. EX:

IF IT RAINS, I’LL GO TO THE MOVIES BUT IF THE WEATHER IS FINE, I’LL PLAY TENNIS. IF I WORK HARD, I’LL PASS MY EXAMS!

SECOND CONDITIONAL: I WOULD= I’D

IF I WON AT THE WHEEL OF FORTUNE, I’D PAY CHAMPAGNE TO ALL MY NEIGHBOURS…BUT I WILL NEVER WIN BECAUSE I’LL NEVER APPLY TO PLAY!

C’est un métier qui nécessite des qualités d’écoute, de soutien et du sens de l’observation. Ma motivation est d’aider les personnes à trouver un travail et un logement afin d’être autonomes dans leur vie et qu’ils puissent vivre heureux.

This job requires listening skills, support and a sense of observation. My main motivation is to help people find a job and housing in order to be independent in their lives and so that they could live happily.

Pratiquer une activité. To practice (sport, tennis, horse-riding….). I like reading, listening to music, walking in the woods, climbing the Saleve….NB: les verbes de sentiments (love, like, hate, adore, enjoy, appreciate) sont suivi du present continuous sans l’auxiliaire (= autre forme d’infinitif en anglais..).

Passif:

formé à partir de l’auxiliaire to be+participe passé:

German is spoken in Germany and in Austria.

This car was washed by my mecchanic.

REVISIONS MAY26TH-27th 2009 (IN BLUE, FIRST YEAR, IN BLACK SECOND YEAR)

Pronoms personnels sujets I see you	P.P. COMPLEMENTS I see you	PP. POSSESSIFS(‘s) my cat	PRONOMS POSSESSIFS (=le mien)
I	me	my	mine
YOU	you	your	yours
HE/SHE/IT	him/her/it	his/her/its	his/hers/its
WE	us	our	ours
THEY	them	their	theirs

UNIT ONE:

1. PRESENT

1. the present simple states a general truth: men lose their hair, I come from Paris, he works at the ECG Jean Piaget;
2. an action which is repeated on a routine basis ;
3. a description of a sports event;
4. a story-telling making the story more lively;
5. with the verbs of unvoluntary perception, of mental activity such as the belief, the opinion, the senses which do not tolerate the -ing form, verbs of “state” (to belong, to consist of, to contain, to own, to look like, to seem, to cost, to depend, to deserve, to know.

Do you know Mrs. Romy: generality, you know or don’t know but it’s not linked to a tense!

1. PAST
2. FUTURE
3. QUESTIONS AND QUESTION WORDS

UNIT TWO:

1. PRESENT SIMPLE...ROUTINE, GENERALITY REMEMBER THE S AT 3D PERSON AND THE EXCEPTIONS (MODALS);

Does he still live in Geneva?

1. PRESENT CONTINUOUS. THE FILMING IMPRESSION, THE POLAROID TENSE;
2. HAVE AND HAVE GOT;

UNIT THREE

1. PAST SIMPLE AND PAST CONTINUOUS: THE BREAK IN THE NARRATION IN THE PAST…;

I met Melissa while I was teaching at ECG.

Quand as-tu rencontré Mélissa? When did you meet Melissa?

Lorsque tu as rencontré Mélissa, étais-tu en train d’enseigner à l’ECG?

When you met Melissa, were you teaching at ECG?

1. PAST FORMS OF REGULAR AND IRREGULAR VERBS
   
2. ADVERBS CF. P. 104
   
3. TIME EXPRESSIONS!

UNIT FOUR

1. QUANTITIES (MUCH, MANY, SOME(ONE), ANYWHERE, NO(THING), A FEW, A LITTLE, (A) LOT(S) OF;
2. ARTICLES A, THE OR 0;
3. PRICES, HOW MUCH DOES IT COST…?

UNIT FIVE

1. VERB PATTERNS (WANT/HOPE TO, LOVE/HATE DOING, LOOKING FORWARD TO SEEING YOU IN SECOND YEAR);
2. FUTURE INTENTIONS WITH GOING TO, WILL AND PRESENT CONTINUOUS FOR THE FUTURE;

I will meet Jonathan//will I meet Jonathan?//I won’t (will not) meet Jonathan.

I’ll ring you tomorrow=I’m going to ring you tomorrow.

1. ED/ING ADJECTIVES (FRIGHTENING, ANNOYED)
   

UNIT SIX

1. WHAT IS IT LIKE?i
2. COMPARATIVES AND SUPERLATIVE ADJECTIVES
3. AS…AS

UNIT SEVEN

1. PRESENT PERFECT AND PAST SIMPLE
2. FOR/SINCE CF. P. 56;
3. CONVERSATION IN ENGLISH AND SHORT ANSWERS, YES I DO, YES I HAVE, NO I DON’T, NO I HAVEN’T)

UNIT EIGHT

1. MODALS HAVE TO, SHOULD, MUST
2. MY BODY ACHES….

UNIT NINE

1. TIME CLAUSES (AS SOON AS, WHILE, WHEN, UNTIL….) CF. P. 70;
2. FIRST CONDITIONAL (IF I +PRESENT ….THEN I +FUTURE)
3. DIRECTIONS
4. HOT VERBS (MAKE, DO, TAKE, GET….)

UNIT TEN

1. PASSIVE FORM;
2. VERBS AND NOUN THAT GO TOGETHER (TELL A LIE, LOSE WEIGHT….);
3. A PHONE CONVERSATION;
4. COMPLAINING ABOUT SOMETHING;

UNIT ELEVEN (OUR LAST UNIT!)

1. SECOND CONDITIONAL
2. MIGHT AND MODALS RECAP
3. EXCLAMATION WITH SUCH, SO.

REVISIONS MAY 21^st 2009

1. WHEN DID YOU START LEARNING ENGLISH?

2. HOW OFTEN DOES SHE PLAY TENNIS?

3. WHAT DO YOU LIKE DOING AT THE WEEK-END?

4. WHAT WOULD YOU LIKE TO DO THIS WEEK-END?

5. WHY HAVEN’T YOU GOT A DICTIONARY?

6. HOW MUCH SUGAR DID YOU PUT IN MY COFFEE?

7. WHAT WERE YOU DOING WHEN JOHN PHONED?

8. WHO IS GOING TO MAKE THE SANDWICHES?

AUX SUBJ VERB (VB OF LISKES/DISLIKES USE THE ING FORM )

DOES YOUR MOTHER ENJOY LISTENING TO THE RADIO?

1. DOES YOUR MOTHER ENJOY LISTENING TO THE RADIO?

2. WHERE DID ANNA LIVE WHEN SHE WAS A CHILD?

Ex.2

1. Where do (Mr and Mrs Ramsey) THEY come from?

2. Where do they live?

3. How old is Xavier?

4. Does he have a young brother?

How many brothers or sisters does he have?

Does he have// Has he got any brothers or sisters?

1. Have Mr and Mrs Ramsey got//Do Mr and Mrs Ramsey have

any children?

1. What does Xavier//he do? What’s Xavier’s//his job?

2. Where did he go on holiday last year?

3. How long did Mr and Mrs Ramsey stay in Scotland?

4. What are they going to do on holiday next year?

Where are they going on holiday next year?

1. What is Xavier going to do on holiday next year?

EX. 4:

1. bought

2. did

3. had

4. heard

5. left

6. made

7. put

8. spoke

9. took

10. wrote

ex. 5

money

flour

homework

furniture

rice

bread

luggage

meat

music

food

ex. 6

an, a, the, __, the, a, ___, _____, the, the.

Homework for tuesday May 26th: finish the Progress test at home!!!!

REVISION SESSION May 13th, 2009

QUESTION WORDS: 5W+1H

1. who : The murder

2. what/which: killed an old lady

3. where: in London

4. when: in 1886

5. Why: because he wanted to rob her.

• how? How much/how many: he used a knife and took 100£

Laura can speak 5 languages.

How many languages can Laura speak

The gym costs 100 $ a month.

How much does the gym cost a month?

We drove Joe’s car

Whose car did we drive?

The bank opens at 9 o’clock

When /what time does the bank open?

She went to the police because she lost her bag…

Why did she go to the police station?

I’m going to buy Andy an I-pod for his birthday

What are you going to buy Andy for his birthday?

TRAINING RECAP UNIT 5, PP. 133 April 22nd, 2009

Ex. 1 p. 133

1-To go for a walk

2-dancing

3-to see

4-changing

5- hearing.

Ex. 2 p. 133

2.I’ll buy you one.

I’ll bring it to you.

I’ll make one for you

I’ll make you one

3-I’ll have/take a ham sandwi

ch

4- I’ll give it to you;

5- I’ll do it for you

Ex. 3 p. 133

1. I am going to be….;

2. I’ll answer it;

3. I’m seeing…

4. I’m going to get

5. She’s going to have a baby;

6. I’ll help you clean it up;

7. I’m going to sneeze;

8. I’ll take…

Ex. 4 p. 133

1. I’m going to NY on business;

2. How long are you going to stay with Suzie?

3. You are going to be very surprised;

4. She isn’t going to have a holiday this year;

5. I think it’s going to rain;

Ex. 5 p. 133

1. I’m having a party….

2. I’m going to buy…

3. will help;

4. it’s going to be…;

5. We’re going to Scotland…

READING AND SPEAKING, UNIT 8 PP. 66-67 (April 1st, 2009)

While (pendant), customer (client), nearly (presque)

careful with the pronounciation of woman (woumeun’) et women (ouimine)

2- Indeed, they can all be done by both genders!

3- it means that the EOC doesn’t accept that male and female aren’t treated equal at work; Any kind of differentiation and prejudice, be it for the colour of the skin or the gender shouldn’t exist and has to be combated!

EX. 2

1. It is an organization which takes action on allowing boys and girls to envision ANY job;
2. the report still depicts a very small percentage of men in childcare activities and of women in construction for example.
3. childcare for women and construction for males.
   

ADVICE

PASSIVE AND ACTIVE FORMS:

SUBJECT VERB(present tense) Object

20 MILLION PEOPLE SPEAK SPANISH

spanish is spoken by 20 million people

SUBJECT VERB (past simple) OBJECT

Jason Wreck composed a lot of songs

a lot of songs were composed by Jason Wreck

Present simple	Past simple	Present perfect	Will (future)
are seen	was taken	have been used	will be developed
is used	were discovered	have been caught
is called	were made	have been discovered
are found	was awarded

Ex. 1 p. 80

is used….wrote…started….was invented…it was made…kept….was brought….was built…has been made

Ex. 5 p. 80

1. No, it isn’t. It’s used to make newspapers and books;
2. No, they aren’t. Only some are made out of paper;
3. No, they didn’t. They wrote on animal skins, bones and stones.
4. No, it wasn’t. It was invented by a Chinese government official.
5. No, they didn’t. They kept it secret for centuries.
6. No, they didn’t. They made it out of a mixture of plants and cloth;
7. No, it wasn’t. It was built in Spain.
8. No, it hasn’t. It’s been made out of wood.$

Ex. 6-

1. were;
2. by;
3. has stolen;
4. sells;
5. don’t carry;
6. drunk;
7. been eaten.

Ex. 1. p. 81: you can’t discover paper, tell hello, lose the bus, keep an idea, make homework, give a complaint, carry a watch, miss the way-

Ex. 3 p. 81

1. Paper was invented;
2. I did my homework;
3. He wore;
4. Say hello;
5. make / lodge a complain;
6. missed;
7. lost;
8. had.

MUST and TO HAVE TO:

We use TO HAVE TO when we can’t use must (future tense, past tense, for example).

Must is a MODAL verb….modal means a certain manner. It’s a way to consider an activity:

• He must be at the office (Il doit être au bureau- probabilité);
• You must apologize! (tu dois t’excuser immédiatement- obligation)

Can is also a modal:

• She can drive (elle sait conduire= capacité) ATTENTION, JAMAIS TO APRES UN MODAL!!!;

Modals are tools to translate the relation between the subject and the verb….this relation can be considered as:

certain or less certain…

Present MAY CAN MUST SHALL WILL
_____________________________________________________

Past MIGHT COULD XXXX SHOULD WOULD

1) present tense:

We can use both (must and to have to), but must is often said by the person who gives the order and have to is the verb the person who has to obey will tend to use.

2) Have to is compulsary when we can’t use Must:

• after another modal (ex. shall, will);
• at the past tense;

Ex. 1 p. 137:

• The children have to wear a uniform;
• I don’t have to get up early tomorrow;
• Why did you have to go to the office?
• Do you have to leave so soon?
• I had to make a phone call;
• We didn’t have to work on Sunday.

2) p. 137

• Can you drive a car?
• I’m afraid we must go now;
• She can sing very well;
• She must go to the dentist this afternoon;
• You shouldn’t drink and drive;
• It won’t rain tomorrow;
• Could you help me?
• I wouldn’t like to be a policeman.

Ex. 3p. 137

1. Could you pass me the salt please?
2. You shouldn’t stay;
3. It will rain this afternoon// it might rain this afternoon;
4. Can you drive?
5. You shouldn’t leave luggage here;
6. You must stop smoking;
7. Janet can’t play an instrument;
8. You should apologize.

4)

1. you have to show your passport at the airport
2. I don’t think you should read that book;
3. If you want to learn English, you should get an English pen friend;
4. I think we should take some flowers;
5. We mustn’t forget his birthday tomorrow;
6. I must pay my taxes soon;
7. She doesn’t have to work;
8. You mustn’t smoke in here.

eX. 3 P. 64:

I think I’ve twisted my ankle (M):

You must see a doctor/You should go to the hospital,

I’ve got exams and I’m really nervous (J):

You should read again your student’s book/ you mustn’t drink too much coffee;

I like my job but not the people I work with (S):

You mustn’t think about them (you mustn’t pay attention to them)/ you should concentrate on your work.

My PC is behaving very strangely(M):

You must change your computer/You should repair your computer.

I argue a lot with my parents (O):

You should respect your parents/ You mustn’t reply to them.

My car’s making a funny noise:

You must get it fixed; you should take it to the garage;

affirmative Negative interrogative FORMS
have/has to do/does+not+have to do/does+sujet+have to

Y becomes IES au pluriel. Careful!!! Y alone, not UY or OY. Ex: Lady ladies

party parties BUT NOT Boy, boys !!!

Reminder:

‘s=

• possession. Toujours le possesseur qui précède le possédé.

  • Mary’s sister

  • Oliver’s book.

• contraction of is or has:

  • he is = he’s

  • he has got=he’s got

grammar p. 39 classroom book: learn it by heart!!!

1. I want to go abroad =je veux aller à l’étranger

2. I’d like to go abroad (I would like) j’aimerais aller à l’étranger

3. I hope to go abroad: j’espère aller à l’étranger

4. I’d love to go abroad: J’adorerais aller à l’étranger

1. I enjoy going abroad: j’apprécie/j’aime aller à l’étranger (verbes de sentiment)

2. I love going abroad: J’adore aller à l’étranger;(verbes de sentiment)

3. I’m thinking of going abroad : je songe à aller à l’étranger;

4. I’m looking forward to going abroad =j’attends avec impatience d’aller à l’étranger

EX. 2 p. 39

WHAT DO YOU WANT TO STUDY?

WHAT DO YOU LIKE MAKING?

WHEN DID YOU START GETTING THEM?

WHERE ARE YOU THINKING OF GOING?

WHERE WOULD YOU LIKE TO GO TONIGHT?

WOULD YOU LIKE TO BE A TEACHER WHEN YOU GROW UP?

HE WOULD LIKE TO RUN….

SHE LIKES DRAWING

WHERE WOULD YOU LIKE TO GO…I like visiting churches….

MUST OR SHOULD PRACTICE P. 64

1. you must stop at red lights;
2. You should be kind to the other drivers;
3. You must wear a seatbelt;
4. you should have a rest from time to time;
5. you must drive on the left: O. said: “can’t they do like everyone else in the world…?)

what do you think? If you want to….

J+S:

…learn english, you shouldn’t speak your language in class

…learn english, you must learn the grammar

…learn english, you should buy a dictionary;

…learn english, you have to buy a dictionary;

…do well in life, you should go to the university;

…do well in life, you have to work hard;

…keep fit, you have to do some sport; you must….

…keep fit, you shouldn’t smoke;

Wednesday, March 24th
Ex. 1 p. 68

To interview somebody for a job;

to study hard; to study engineering;

to earn a lot of money;

to take care of children;

to do engineering; to do a lot of training;

to change career;

to work hard, to work together, to work with somebody;

to spend a lot of money; to spend time with someone;

to get on with somebody; to get together.

EX. 2 P. 68;

1. Because the first one was boring; he loves children, and because his mother died and he had to help his father to look after his younger brother and sister;
2. One year;
3. One;
4. How to change nappies (diapers), cook healthy meals, and how to play with children and organize their days;
5. To meet Jack and see how well Alex gets on(along) with him;
6. Do I have to wear a uniform?

Ex. 5 p. 68

hairdresser; housewife; countryside; text message; firefighter; problem page; train journey; flight attendant;

Ex. 1 p. 69

a sore throat (mal de gorge); ‘flu = influenza; to swallow (avaler), swollen (enflé); stomach ache, headache,

1- He has a bit of a temperature, diarrhoea; feels terrible; has stomach ache as well, he’s been sick;

2- she thinks he has food poisoning;

3- She tells him to rest (have a day or two in bed), to drink a lot and to take things easy;

4- She prescribes something for stomach ache and for diarrhoea.

UNIT 10 reading and speaking

1. Friedrich Miescher;
2. less than a century 84 years;
3. yes, other scientists thought it was too simple to be a human map!;
4. 1869 discovery, 1953 structure discovered, 1962 Nobel Prize, 1986 (DNA first test), 1990 and 2000Human Genome;
5. Yes, you can catch criminals this way;
6. you could cure diseases, choose your kind of baby or pick the best person for a job.

1. Larry Page and Sergey Brin;
2. about two years;
3. it was just finding enough cash to be able to develop their project;
4. 1995, 1998, 2002
5. quite so: you can find immediate answers about anything or anyone.
6. all the info available will be on the net and immediable accessible to large numbers!

READING AN

ex. 1

2. rreading